Quilting:
"Stitch in the ditch" refers to quilting right next to the seam line on the side without seam allowances. Outline quilting is done 1/4" inside the seam of patches.
Hand Quilting:
Hand quilting is done in a short running stitch with a single strand of thread that goes through all three layers.
Use a short needle (8 or 9 between) with about 18" of thread. Make a small knot in the thread, and take a first long stitch (about 1") through the top and batting only, coming up where the quilting will begin. Tug on the thread to pull the knotted end between the layers. Take short, even stitches that are the same size on the top and bottom of the quilt. Push the needle with a thimble on your middle finger; guide the fabric in front of the needle with the thumb of one hand above the quilt and with the thumb and index finger of your other hand below the quilt.
To end a line of quilting, take a tiny backstitch, then make another 1"-long stitch through the top and batting only. Clip thread at the surface of the quilt.
Machine Quilting:
Machine quilting is done with a walking foot for straight lines and a darning foot for curved lines. For the top thread, use cotton, cotton-wrapped polyester or Size .004 nylon monofilament thread. For the bobbin, choose a thread in a color that matches the lining. Start and end quilting lines with 1/4" of very short stitches to tie off.